When you think of Namibia, you likely imagine vast deserts, rugged landscapes, and diverse wildlife. But another integral part of the country’s identity is its beloved biltong – a snack that has become so much more than just food; it’s a cultural phenomenon. Namibia’s biltong is enjoyed by locals and tourists alike, making it an essential part of Namibia’s culinary landscape. In this article, we’ll explore the origins, preparation, types, and the cultural significance of biltong in Namibia.
What is Biltong?
Biltong is a traditional dried cured meat that originates from Southern Africa, specifically Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. It is typically made from beef, although other meats like game, ostrich, and venison are also commonly used. The meat is seasoned with a combination of salt, vinegar, sugar, and spices like coriander, black pepper, garlic, and cloves, before being air-dried for several days to weeks, depending on the desired texture.
Biltong is often compared to jerky, but it differs in preparation and taste. Jerky is typically dried using heat, whereas biltong is air-dried at room temperature, which helps to preserve the meat’s natural flavors and tenderness. The result is a chewy, flavorful, and aromatic snack that has become synonymous with Southern African cuisine.
A Brief History of Biltong
Biltong’s origins trace back to the indigenous peoples of Southern Africa, who would preserve meat by drying it in the sun. The method was developed as a way to store meat for long periods without refrigeration, a crucial technique for survival in the harsh environments of the region.
The word “biltong” itself is derived from two Dutch words: ‘bil’, meaning buttock, and ‘tong’, meaning strip. Early European settlers, primarily the Dutch, refined the drying process in the 17th century, using spices and vinegar to enhance the flavor and preserve the meat longer.
While the method of preparation remains largely unchanged, the modern version of biltong as we know it today is enjoyed not just as a survival food but as a tasty snack, a source of protein, and a cultural icon.
The Biltong Preparation Process
Making biltong involves several key steps, which can vary depending on the specific recipe or the type of meat used. Here’s an overview of how biltong is traditionally prepared:
- Selecting the Meat
The meat for biltong is usually lean, such as beef silverside or venison. It is cut into strips or chunks, usually about 3-5 cm thick. - Marinating and Seasoning
The meat is seasoned with a mixture of vinegar, salt, sugar, and a variety of spices. The vinegar helps tenderize the meat, while the spices add rich flavors. Common spices include coriander, black pepper, garlic, and cloves. - Drying
After the meat is seasoned, it is hung on a drying rack in a cool, dry area. Traditionally, biltong is air-dried, often for several days, depending on the weather conditions and how dry or moist the final product is desired. Some people use specialized biltong makers or drying cabinets to regulate the process, but traditionally, the meat would simply hang in a cool, well-ventilated space. - Checking for Doneness
The drying process can take anywhere from 3 to 14 days, depending on factors such as the thickness of the meat, the humidity, and personal preferences for texture. Once the meat reaches the desired level of dryness, it is ready to be enjoyed.
Different Types of Biltong
While beef biltong is the most popular, Namibians enjoy a variety of biltong made from different meats. Some of the most common varieties include:
- Beef Biltong: The classic biltong variety, typically made from silverside or rump. It is known for its deep, rich flavor and chewy texture.
- Game Biltong: Made from game meat such as kudu, springbok, eland, or impala. This biltong has a slightly leaner texture and a more complex flavor.
- Ostrich Biltong: A leaner alternative to beef, ostrich biltong is becoming increasingly popular due to its mild flavor and low fat content.
- Venison Biltong: Made from deer, such as impala or gemsbok, venison biltong is often described as having a rich, earthy flavor.
Each type of biltong offers a unique taste and texture, giving consumers a wide range of options depending on their preferences.
Why Biltong is a National Obsession
Biltong is so much more than just a snack in Namibia – it’s a national obsession. It’s a food that brings people together, whether it’s shared at family gatherings, served during festivals, or simply enjoyed as a quick bite on the go. Here are some reasons why biltong is an integral part of Namibia’s culture:
1. A Snack for Every Occasion
Biltong is a versatile snack that can be eaten at any time of day. Whether it’s a quick breakfast snack, a mid-afternoon energy booster, or a guilty pleasure while watching sports, biltong is a go-to treat for many Namibians. Its portable and non-perishable nature makes it ideal for taking on road trips, hiking adventures, or picnics in the Namibian wilderness.
2. A Source of Protein
Biltong is a rich source of protein, making it a healthy snack option. It’s a great alternative to traditional snack foods, especially for people looking for high-protein, low-carb options. This makes biltong particularly popular among athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and anyone looking for a satisfying and nutritious snack on the go.
3. Part of Namibia’s Heritage
Biltong is deeply intertwined with Namibia’s history and cultural identity. It is a food that has been passed down through generations, with each family having its own recipe and preparation style. Whether it’s enjoyed as part of a traditional gathering or on a special occasion, biltong is often seen as a symbol of Namibian hospitality and pride.
4. Biltong as a Souvenir
For tourists visiting Namibia, biltong is one of the most popular souvenirs to take home. The snack can be found in local markets, supermarkets, and specialized biltong shops. Visitors are often keen to bring a piece of Namibia’s culinary culture back with them. It’s a gift that offers a taste of Namibia’s rich traditions and rugged landscapes.
Where to Find the Best Biltong in Namibia
Biltong is widely available across Namibia, from small family-run shops to large supermarkets. However, if you’re looking for the best quality biltong, there are a few places that stand out:
- Local Biltong Shops: Many Namibians swear by their local biltong vendors, who often have their own signature blends of spices and seasoning.
- Supermarkets and Delis: Larger supermarkets like Checkers, Pick n Pay, and Woolworths offer a wide selection of biltong, from traditional beef to more exotic varieties.
- Roadside Stalls: If you’re traveling through Namibia, you’ll often encounter roadside stalls selling freshly made biltong. These stalls offer a chance to try homemade biltong that’s been prepared with local flair.
- Specialty Stores: Some stores specialize in biltong, offering a variety of flavors and textures. These can be found in major towns and cities like Windhoek, Swakopmund, and Ongwediva.
How to Enjoy Biltong
Biltong can be eaten as is, but it also pairs beautifully with various dishes and drinks. Here are a few ways to enjoy biltong:
- As a snack: Enjoy biltong on its own or paired with a cold drink, such as a Namibian beer or local wine.
- In a salad: Add biltong strips to a green salad for an added burst of flavor.
- With cheese and crackers: Pair biltong with cheese and crackers for an indulgent snack or appetizer.
- In a sandwich or wrap: Slice biltong thinly and add it to sandwiches or wraps for a quick, flavorful meal.
Biltong is far more than just a snack in Namibia. It’s a tradition, a cultural icon, and a source of national pride. Whether you’re a local or a visitor, there’s no denying that Namibia’s biltong is a snack that deserves to be savored. Its rich history, unique flavors, and versatility make it a beloved part of Namibian life. So, the next time you find yourself in Namibia, be sure to taste the biltong – it’s a delicious and unforgettable experience.
